Nice overview. Just to quibble: "the idea of Kiruv was nonexistent". That's not completely true. There were people who made an effort to reach out to secular Jews. The most famous example was R' Yisrael Salanter. I believe Scholem himself studied with religious Jews who made efforts to teach groups of secular Jews
Nice overview. Just to quibble: "the idea of Kiruv was nonexistent". That's not completely true. There were people who made an effort to reach out to secular Jews. The most famous example was R' Yisrael Salanter. I believe Scholem himself studied with religious Jews who made efforts to teach groups of secular Jews
You are correct, I guess I meant more as a movement, but for sure individuals were reaching out.